How are Streptococcus bacteria characterized?

Streptococcus bacteria are characterized as spherical or oval-shaped (cocci) and typically occur in pairs or chains due to their process of binary fission, where they divide in one plane without separating completely. This arrangement results in strands or chains of 2-6 individual bacterial cells.

The choice indicating round balls in strands of 2-6 accurately describes this characteristic chaining behavior. This growth pattern is significant for identifying various Streptococcus species and understanding their pathogenic potential. The arrangement also influences their staining properties and mechanisms of disease, making the recognition of this characteristic crucial for laboratory identification and treatment protocols.

The other shapes mentioned do not align with the typical morphology associated with Streptococcus, making the chosen description the most appropriate for this type of bacteria.