What are coagulation factors?

Coagulation factors are a group of plasma proteins that play a crucial role in the process of blood coagulation, which is essential for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. These factors work in a cascade-like manner, activating one another to form a stable blood clot. Key examples of coagulation factors include fibrinogen, prothrombin, and factors V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XIII. Each factor has a specific role in the coagulation pathway, contributing to the overall process that ensures wound healing and maintains hemostasis.

The correct answer highlights the composition and function of these proteins as they are integral to the body's ability to respond to vascular injury. Understanding coagulation factors is fundamental in various clinical settings, especially in identifying and managing bleeding disorders or conditions that lead to thrombosis.