What does arterial blood gas (ABG) testing primarily measure?

Arterial blood gas (ABG) testing is a crucial diagnostic tool that primarily measures the levels of oxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and the pH of arterial blood. These parameters provide vital information about a patient's respiratory and metabolic status.

Oxygen levels indicate how effectively oxygen is being delivered to the tissues, while carbon dioxide levels reflect how well the lungs are performing their function of gas exchange. The pH level gives insight into the acid-base balance of the body, which is essential for normal cellular function.

Understanding these measurements helps clinicians assess conditions such as respiratory failure, metabolic disorders, and the effectiveness of oxygen therapy. Consequently, ABG testing is integral to diagnosing and managing patients with various acute and chronic health issues, especially those affecting the lungs and metabolism.