What does sensitization refer to?

Sensitization refers to an increase in behavioral response after exposure to a stimulus, particularly in the context of the immune system and its reaction to allergens or other foreign substances. When a person is sensitized to an allergen, their immune system becomes more responsive to that particular substance after initial exposure. This means that subsequent exposures can lead to a stronger and potentially more harmful immune response, such as allergy symptoms or other hypersensitivity reactions.

The concept of sensitization is fundamental in understanding allergic reactions, where the first encounter with an allergen may not produce significant symptoms, but upon re-exposure, the immune system behaves in a heightened manner, leading to noticeable reactions. This differentiation is crucial in immunology and can help guide diagnostic and treatment strategies for managing allergies and other immune-related issues.