What is detected by the Shiga Toxin test?

The Shiga Toxin test is specifically designed to identify the presence of Shiga toxin, which is produced by certain strains of Escherichia coli, most notably Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) or Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). This test is instrumental in diagnosing infections caused by these pathogenic strains, which can lead to serious gastrointestinal disease and complications such as hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS).

The detection of Shiga toxin confirms the presence of these harmful bacteria in a patient's stool, allowing for appropriate treatment and management of the infection. This knowledge is crucial, especially since infections from these strains can have significant public health implications.

Other options do not relate to the Shiga Toxin test. For instance, testing for antibodies to Campylobacter assesses a different bacterial infection altogether, while measuring ammonia levels in stool is typically associated with liver function issues rather than a specific bacterial infection. Lastly, the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection involves different testing methodologies, such as urea breath tests or serological tests for antibodies, which do not relate to the detection of Shiga toxin.