What is one of the primary functions of the kidneys?

The primary function of the kidneys is to remove waste and extra water from the blood. This essential process is known as filtration, which takes place in the nephrons, the functional units of the kidney. As blood flows through the nephrons, waste products like urea, creatinine, and excess ions are filtered out and subsequently excreted as urine. Additionally, this filtering process helps maintain the body's fluid balance, electrolyte levels, and acid-base homeostasis by adjusting the volume and composition of the urine produced.

The kidneys also play a vital role in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and overall fluid balance, but their core function remains the removal of waste and excess fluid from the bloodstream. This is crucial for preventing toxic buildup and ensuring that the body can effectively regulate itself through proper homeostasis. The efficiency of this filtering process is essential for maintaining overall health, as failure in kidney function can lead to serious health issues, including kidney failure and the accumulation of harmful substances in the body.