What is the process of osmosis?

Osmosis is specifically defined as the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. This process involves the movement of water molecules from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration, aiming to equalize solute concentrations on both sides of the membrane. The selectively permeable nature of the membrane allows water to pass through while restricting the movement of solutes, thereby facilitating this unique type of diffusion.

This fundamental process is crucial in biological systems as it regulates the balance of fluids in cells and maintains homeostasis. In various physiological contexts, such as kidney function and nutrient absorption in the intestines, osmosis plays a key role in ensuring that cells maintain the appropriate amount of essential substances and are not compromised by excess solutes or dehydration.