What is the purpose of protein electrophoresis (PEP)?

Protein electrophoresis (PEP) is a laboratory technique used primarily to separate and analyze proteins based on their size, shape, and charge. This method is particularly effective in evaluating the protein composition in various biological samples, including serum and urine.

When it comes to analyzing proteins in urine, PEP is extremely valuable, as it helps in identifying abnormalities such as the presence of abnormal proteins (e.g., Bence Jones proteins in multiple myeloma) or other changes in the protein profile that can indicate kidney diseases or dysfunctions. This analysis provides critical information regarding the health of the kidneys and aids in diagnosing conditions that affect protein excretion.

The other options relate to different tests that serve distinct purposes. Measuring blood glucose levels is a common practice for diagnosing diabetes but is not related to protein analysis. Assessing liver enzyme levels is important in evaluating liver function, while diagnosing kidney function typically involves tests that measure waste products in the blood or urine but not through protein electrophoresis itself. Therefore, the function of PEP in analyzing proteins directly correlates with its correct identification in this context.