What type of test is primarily used to detect the presence of IgG and IgM?

The correct choice is associated with the detection of IgG and IgM antibodies, which are critical components of the immune response. Blood tests, particularly serological tests, are commonly utilized for this purpose. These tests analyze blood samples to identify the presence of specific antibodies, such as IgG and IgM, which are produced in response to infections and indicate both current and past exposure to pathogens.

IgM antibodies are typically the first to respond during an acute infection, while IgG antibodies appear later and can remain in the body for a long time, indicating past exposure. The measurement of these antibodies in blood is vital for diagnosing various infections and immune conditions.

While biochemical assays can detect certain components related to immune responses, they may not specifically target immunoglobulins like IgG and IgM. Immunofluorescence tests also relate to antibodies but usually involve labeling antibodies with fluorescent dyes to visualize them in tissue samples rather than in blood. Microscopic examination generally focuses on physical observations of cells and tissues and is not utilized for direct antibody detection. Therefore, the blood test stands out as the primary and appropriate method for detecting these immunoglobulins.