Which of the following is based on the ability to detect light scattering?

The correct answer, which is based on the ability to detect light scattering, is nephelometry. This technique specifically measures the intensity of scattered light at a particular angle after a light beam passes through a sample solution containing particles. The degree of light scattering correlates with the concentration of particles in the solution, making it useful for quantifying various substances, including proteins and antibodies.

Nephelometry operates on principles distinctly different from the other methods listed. Mass spectrometry, for instance, measures ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio, and it does not involve light scattering but rather mass differentiation. Turbidimetry also involves measuring light, but it quantifies the amount of light that is transmitted through a sample rather than the light scattered by particles. Electrophoresis, on the other hand, focuses on the separation of charged particles in a gel or solution under an electric field, and it does not measure light scattering phenomena.

By understanding these distinctions, it becomes clear why nephelometry is the correct answer for the question regarding the detection of light scattering. It is specialized in analyzing the amount of scattered light to provide insights into the properties of the sample being measured.