Which of the following rapid tests is used to detect group A streptococcus bacteria?

The method preferred for detecting group A streptococcus bacteria is through throat swabs using a rapid enzyme immunoassay (EIA). This test specifically targets the antigens produced by the group A streptococci, enabling quick diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis, commonly known as strep throat. By using a throat swab, healthcare providers can obtain a sample directly from the site of infection, which is critical for accurate results. The rapid EIA provides results within minutes, making it an efficient option for both patients and clinicians in managing potential streptococcal infections.

The other methods mentioned do not effectively target group A streptococcus for several reasons. Blood tests from a finger prick are typically not designed for detecting specific bacterial infections and are more commonly used for assessing general health markers or checking blood glucose levels. Skin swab tests are focused on skin infections caused by various pathogens and do not detect group A strep. Similarly, sputum samples are used to identify pathogens involved in respiratory infections, particularly pneumonia, and would not provide information regarding group A strep throat infections.