Which of the following statements is true about the lungs and carbon dioxide?

The statement that the lungs prevent an increase in Pco2 by excreting carbon dioxide is accurate because one of the primary functions of the lungs is to facilitate the exchange of gases, specifically oxygen and carbon dioxide. During respiration, the lungs take in oxygen from the air and release carbon dioxide, which is a byproduct of the metabolic processes occurring in the body.

When carbon dioxide accumulates in the blood, it can lead to an increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco2), which can disturb the acid-base balance and result in conditions such as respiratory acidosis. The lungs play a critical role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating the levels of carbon dioxide in the blood through exhalation. By increasing the rate and depth of breathing (ventilation), the body can effectively excrete excess carbon dioxide, preventing its concentration from rising to harmful levels.

In contrast, the other statements are inaccurate. The lungs do not produce carbon dioxide; instead, they facilitate its removal from the body. They do not enhance the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood, as they actively work to lower it. Lastly, the lungs do not absorb carbon dioxide for energy since carbon dioxide is a waste product that needs to be exhaled rather than utilized for